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"Debit and Credit Cards"

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Illustration of embedded finance, with payment, credit, insurance and investment services built into everyday digital platforms

Open Banking

What Is Embedded Finance?

Embedded Finance means integrating financial products and services into non-financial platforms, experiences or business processes. In other words, services offered by financial institutions become part of the product or service flows of non-financial organizations.

Diagram showing the structure of the ISO 8583 F54 Additional Amounts field

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F54)

F54 - ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS is the additional amount field used in transactions. It can take different values depending on the transaction, such as carrying account balance information for balance inquiries.

Diagram illustrating a bank's OnUs transaction flow and the process of opening ATMs to other banks' cards

ATM

What needs to be done to open ATMs to the use of all bank cards?

Suppose you are a newly established bank, wanting to offer customers all your products and services. Of course, this is not easy. First, the Bank's OnUs transaction processing step must run successfully before other banks' cards can be accepted at the ATMs.

Virtual POS (VPOS) online payment interface screenshot

Merchant & POS

What is VPOS (Virtual POS)?

VPOS (Virtual POS) is the software-based, security-enhanced equivalent of the physical POS devices used for card payments at merchants, used for purchases made over the internet. It is also known as Virtual POS. VPOS is not issued to individual customers.

Virtual POS payment system diagram for online card transactions

Merchant & POS

What Is Virtual POS?

Virtual POS is the software-based, security-enhanced equivalent of the physical POS devices used for card payments at merchants, designed for online shopping. It is not issued to individual customers, only to sole proprietorships, companies, or foundations and associations.

Diagram illustrating EMV Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 certification stages for payment terminals

Merchant & POS

What Are EMV Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 Certifications?

The EMV Level 1 standard refers to an important global payment industry specification defining the electrical and physical interface between credit and debit cards and the payment terminal (ATM/POS). The EMV Contactless Level 1 certification guarantees that the device…

Table of Visa and Mastercard fraud codes and descriptions

Security

What Are the Visa and Mastercard Fraud Codes?

Fraud means obtaining unjust gain by carrying out a transaction at a merchant or ATM using someone else's credit card or debit card, causing a loss to the real cardholder, the merchant, or the bank. So what fraud codes do Visa and Mastercard use?

Payment by SMS link on a mobile phone illustration

E-commerce

What Is Payment by SMS?

Payment by SMS is a solution where the merchant sends the customer a link via SMS through an online collection system, and the customer pays by entering their debit or credit card details.

Illustration representing a fictitious POS transaction

Fraud

What Is a Fictitious Transaction?

According to the Banks Association of Turkey, a fictitious transaction is a collusive transaction made by misusing POS devices, debit cards, or credit cards. Banks that detect such transactions through merchants report them to the Banks Association of Turkey.

Screenshot illustrating how a payment gateway connects an e-commerce site to a bank

Online & Authorization

What is a Payment Gateway?

A payment gateway is the high-security connection banks provide for purchases made with a credit or debit card. Learn how it is set up and why it protects cardholder data.

Virtual POS online card payment illustration

Merchant & POS

What Are the Benefits of a Virtual POS for Merchants?

A virtual POS is a payment platform that enables online payments by credit or debit card. Banks also give merchants interfaces for mail order, pre-authorization, cancellations and refunds.