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Table of chargeback reason codes by payment scheme

Chargeback

What Are the Chargeback Reason Codes by Payment Scheme?

A chargeback is the process of requesting that an amount paid by credit card be refunded, either because the goods or services paid for were not received, or because a transaction is identified as one the cardholder did not carry out.

Diagram illustrating how a transaction's 3D Secure authentication level is determined

3D Secure

How is a transaction's 3D Secure level determined?

Especially with the growth of the internet, credit card transactions have started shifting from physical POS terminals to virtual POS terminals. In virtual transactions, the 3D Secure structure is used instead of the card PIN entered in physical transactions. So how is a transaction's…

Illustration representing a payment card's transaction history

Credit Card

What Is a Card's First Transaction Date? What Is It Used For?

Banks generally keep a record in the system of a card's "First Transaction Date." This information is automatically populated by the online authorization system. So under what circumstances is it updated? First, an authorization transaction must…

Diagram showing the Terminal Authentication Key (TAK) concept

HSM & Security

What is TAK (Terminal Authentication Key)?

TAK stands for Terminal Authentication Key. It is the data encryption key used to generate and verify a Message Authentication Code (MAC) for data communication between a terminal and the acquirer within a local network.

Old mechanical credit card imprinter machine used to transfer embossed card details onto a sales slip

Merchant & POS

What Is an Imprinter?

An imprinter is the name given to devices that transfer all the information embossed on a credit card onto a paper sales receipt. Before POS terminals, it was commonly used by merchants for authorization transactions.

Illustration of a co-branded credit card combining a bank and a commercial brand

Credit Card

What is a Co-Branded Card?

A co-branded card is a card offered by two or more organizations: one the issuing financial institution, the other a non-financial commercial brand (there may be more than one), such as an airline, hotel, or retail chain.

Shared POS device used for processing multiple banks' card transactions

Credit Card

What is a Shared POS?

A Shared POS is a POS solution that allows the credit card applications of multiple banks, such as installments and loyalty points, to run on a single POS device. It automatically recognizes the cards of banks loaded on it and routes the transaction accordingly.

News clipping about the arrest of hacker Hakan Karacaoglu

Fraud

Famous Hacker Caught After 8 Years

Recently the following news story appeared in the papers. Two things stood out: the hacker was a former banker, and the device he used to clone cards. In banking fraud, insiders who know the system's weak points can build schemes customers never notice.

PCI Security Standards Council overview

Security

What is PCI SSC?

It is an organization aimed at developing, managing, teaching, and raising awareness of security standards in the Card Payments Industry. The PCI Security Standards Council is also an open global forum for data security standards.

Card application fraud illustration

Credit Card

What Are the Methods of Card Application Fraud?

A fraudster who has obtained someone's identity card, or produced a copy of it, applies for a card in the customer's name through various channels using that and the other requested documents.

Diagram illustrating the structure of Track3 data on a payment card

Credit Card

What Is Track3?

Track3 is a field that doesn't need to be written to the card's magnetic stripe. It's used only in very specific cases and isn't required for authorization transactions. Issuers generally don't encode Track3 data onto the card's magnetic stripe. It consists of 104 numeric characters.

Warning illustration about a fake social media gift points scam targeting card details

Credit Card

Congratulations, You Won Gift Points..

A real attempted card fraud story: a fake Facebook friend request, a promise of free bank points, and a request for card number, expiry date and CVV2. Here is what happened and how to protect yourself.