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Diagram of basic payment systems terminology including issuer, acquirer, and authorization

Payment Systems

Basic Terms Used in Payment Systems

Although many important terms are used in payment systems, the expressions below are its cornerstones — the ABCs of payment systems, so to speak. Issuer: the credit card company, usually a bank, that issues the card and tracks debt, credit, bonus points, and other services for the customer.

BKM API BIN list update illustration

Payment System Institutions

What Is the BKM API?

Thanks to the API developed by BKM, BKM Express member merchants can automatically update the BIN lists of cards issued by all banks in Türkiye and offer installments and reward points more efficiently.

Illustration representing an online mail order payment made with a debit card

Debit Card

Can Mail Order transactions be done with debit cards?

Debit cards and prepaid cards are generally closed to Mail Order transactions. The same usually applies to Non-3D (non-3D Secure) online transactions, which banks keep disabled by default to limit fraud risk.

Diagram of a partial authorization where an issuer approves only part of the requested amount

Merchant & POS

What Are the Partial Authorization Requirements for an Acquirer Bank?

Partial authorization lets an issuer approve part of the requested amount when the card lacks the full balance, with the rest paid another way. This post covers the technical, receipt, clearing, reconciliation, merchant and certification requirements for acquirers.

Illustration representing a mail order card payment transaction

Merchant & POS

What is a Mail Order transaction?

Mail Order (Mail Order/Telephone Order) is a transaction made by selecting the Mail Order option on a POS or through the virtual POS interface, entering the card number, expiration date, and CVV2. It is typically used when the cardholder is not present.

Diagram explaining the MCC merchant category code field in ISO 8583 messages

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F18)

F18-MERCHANT TYPE: This is the merchant's category code (MCC) information. It must contain values from the Mastercard or Visa MCC Code list. It is a 4-digit numeric value. For ATM transactions, MCC code 6011 should be sent. The role of MCC in authorization...