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Architecture of 3DS 1.0 compared with 3DS 2.0, showing the issuer, interoperability and acquirer domains

Security

What Is 3D Secure 2.0?

Before 3D Secure 2.0, let's explain what 3D Secure is. 3D Secure is a two-layer payment authentication system that protects both the cardholder and the merchant in online payments. First released by Visa in 1999, it was later adopted by other card schemes…

Embossed debit card with raised card number and cardholder name

Debit Card

What is an embossed debit card?

The main difference between embossed debit cards and standard debit cards is that the card number, cardholder name, and expiration date are printed in raised, embossed format rather than flat.

Illustration representing a payment card's transaction history

Credit Card

What Is a Card's First Transaction Date? What Is It Used For?

Banks generally keep a record in the system of a card's "First Transaction Date." This information is automatically populated by the online authorization system. So under what circumstances is it updated? First, an authorization transaction must…

Diagram illustrating how netting works between two banks in the clearing system

Clearing

What Is Netting in the Clearing System?

In payment systems, a transaction made at a merchant or ATM with a card issued by a different bank becomes subject to clearing. Netting offsets each participant's receivables and payables from these transactions into a single balance.

Illustration representing an installment mail order card transaction

Merchant & POS

Is an installment Mail Order transaction possible?

A reader asked whether installment mail order transactions are still possible, and whether a card limit equal only to the installment amount is enough. This article shares the answer.

Virtual POS online card payment illustration

Merchant & POS

What Are the Benefits of a Virtual POS for Merchants?

A virtual POS is a payment platform that enables online payments by credit or debit card. Banks also give merchants interfaces for mail order, pre-authorization, cancellations and refunds.

Diagram illustrating ISO 8583 field F23, the card sequence number

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F23)

F23 - CARD SEQUENCE NUMBER: Information used to distinguish cards sharing the same card number. For example, the Card Sequence Number is incremented by 1 when a card is renewed. In an authorization transaction, if the F22 value is '05x'...

Diagram illustrating BKM TechPOS shared POS infrastructure

Merchant & POS

What is BKM TechPOS?

BKM TechPOS is an infrastructure through which card acquirers and POS/cash register manufacturers can interoperate via BKM, letting all participating banks provide card acceptance services on a single device.