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EMV
The EXTERNAL AUTHENTICATE command asks the application inside the ICC whether it can verify the cryptogram, and the ICC returns the processing status. Below are the components of the External Authenticate command and what issuer authentication means.
Merchant & POS
A step-by-step walkthrough of a 100 TL POS sale: end-of-day batch close, clearing through BKM, interchange and merchant commission, and why the merchant gets paid even if the cardholder never pays the card bank.
Merchant & POS
Below are the definitions of the cornerstone terms of payment systems, as established by the Banks Association of Turkey (TBB): debit card, credit card, merchant, cardholder, and more.
Merchant & POS
A Card Recovery Bulletin is a list of problem cards (lost, stolen, expired, over-limit, counterfeit or otherwise flagged) published by card schemes such as Visa or MasterCard. It shows whether a card number is listed on the date of purchase.
Payment Systems
How do banks fund so many points, bonuses, and discounts? This post explains the credit card profitability model: merchant commissions, interchange, interest income, installments, and why campaigns are an investment in transaction volume rather than a cost.
Credit Card
Banks must go through a costly, arduous process to issue cards (issuer) and accept cards (acquirer), paying high entry fees to international license providers and local organizations such as BKM.
Credit Card
SAFE, short for System to Avoid Fraud Effectively, refers to fraud records created by issuing banks. Fraud records sent in the Mastercard clearing format fall under the SAFE category.
EMV
The Card Block command is used after card issuance to deactivate all applications within the ICC, including applications that could be selected indirectly. The components of the command are explained below.
EMV
The Lower Consecutive Offline Limit is the maximum number of consecutive offline transactions allowed by the ICC application, as set by the issuer, on a terminal capable of going online. It is sent in tag 9F14.
Merchant & POS
The Upper Consecutive Offline Limit is the maximum number of consecutive offline transactions allowed by the issuer's chip card application on a terminal that cannot go online. It is held in tag 9F23.
Credit Card
Application Preferred Name is an optional alphanumeric EMV data element of 1–16 characters, sent in tag 9F12. It is stored on the card and gives the card application a more descriptive name than the Application Label.
Chargeback
A chargeback is the refund of an amount paid by credit card to the cardholder's card when the purchased goods or services were not received, or when a transaction was not actually carried out by the cardholder.