Skip to content

Search

"chip transactions"

105 articles found

UnionPay logo

Merchant & POS

What Is UnionPay?

UnionPay International (UPI) is a China UnionPay subsidiary founded in November 2012. Together with more than 1,000 institutions worldwide, UPI provides international card acceptance in 160 countries and card issuance in more than 40 countries and regions.

Table showing service code values and their meanings for payment cards

Credit Card

What is the Service Code on Cards?

The service code is information printed on a card's Track 1 and Track 2 data, covering card type, PIN usage, and domestic/international usage status. It is kept at the product level in bank systems.

Contactless floor limit, CVM limit and transaction limit example

Merchant & POS

Can a Contactless Transaction Be Online?

Yes. Whether a contactless transaction goes online depends on the limits on the card and the POS: the contactless floor limit, the CVM limit and the contactless transaction limit. A worked example shows how.

EMV chip card illustration

Online & Authorization

What is EMV?

EMV stands for Europay, Mastercard and Visa. In 1994 these companies formed a working group to set chip-card standards, leading to the EMV standards used worldwide today.

Diagram illustrating the card authorization process

Merchant & POS

What Happens During Authorization?

Today, credit cards play an important role in our daily lives. We can carry out almost all of our transactions without carrying cash, using our credit card instead. During a purchase, we hand our card to the cashier and enter our PIN at the POS terminal.

Diagram explaining how an offline chip card transaction is approved without contacting the bank

Merchant & POS

What Is an Offline Transaction?

When a chip card transaction is made at a POS, it may be approved by the card and the POS alone, without reaching any system (issuer or acquirer). When do the issuer and acquirer find out about it?

OTP SMS service icon illustrating one-time password delivery

Security

What Is OTP? What Is Its Role in End-to-End Security?

With Chip&Pin technology, card PINs and chip-based transactions became widespread. As online shopping grew, strengthening the security of these transactions became a necessity, and OTP began providing that transaction security.

Old mechanical credit card imprinter machine used to transfer embossed card details onto a sales slip

Merchant & POS

What Is an Imprinter?

An imprinter is the name given to devices that transfer all the information embossed on a credit card onto a paper sales receipt. Before POS terminals, it was commonly used by merchants for authorization transactions.

Diagram illustrating ISO 8583 field F23, the card sequence number

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F23)

F23 - CARD SEQUENCE NUMBER: Information used to distinguish cards sharing the same card number. For example, the Card Sequence Number is incremented by 1 when a card is renewed. In an authorization transaction, if the F22 value is '05x'...