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Illustration of a commercial debit card issued to companies and sole proprietorships

Debit Card

What Is a Commercial Debit Card?

A debit-featured card issued to a sole proprietorship, a commercial company, or a foundation/association is called a commercial debit card. Operationally, it is no different from a personal debit (ATM) card. It has its own limit, status, and user.

Diagram comparing the digitization and tokenization processes in mobile payments

HCE

Comparing Digitization and Tokenization

Tokenization and digitization are two important terms in mobile payments that are easily confused and often used interchangeably. What is the difference between digitization and tokenization?

Person depositing cash into an ATM

ATM

My Money Got Stuck in the ATM, What Should I Do?

Everyone has probably felt the fear of money getting stuck in an ATM while making a deposit. What causes this to happen? It is not a very common occurrence, but it can happen if you do not pay attention to a few important points.

ISO 8583 field 10 cardholder billing conversion rate

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F10)

DE 10, Conversion Rate, Cardholder Billing, is an 8-digit numeric value. The first digit shows the position of the decimal point from the right, and the next 7 digits show the value.

ISO 8583 field 9 settlement conversion rate

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F9)

DE 9, Conversion Rate, Settlement, carries the settlement conversion rate. It is an 8-digit numeric value: the first digit shows the decimal position from the right and the next 7 digits show the value.

Diagram of the Command APDU structure fields: CLA, INS, P1, P2, Lc, Data Field, Le

Online & Authorization

What is an APDU (Application Protocol Data Unit) Command?

An APDU is an application-level protocol defined in ISO 7816-4 and used between a smart card and a POS, ATM, etc. There are two types of APDU: Command APDU and Response APDU. The structure of the APDU is given below.

PIN pad screen on a payment terminal for entering a card PIN

Credit Card

What Happens If I Enter the Wrong PIN on Card Transactions?

Nearly all transactions where credit and debit cards are used physically require a PIN. The PIN represents the cardholder's identity. Here is what happens if a customer enters the wrong PIN too many times and how the card is restored.