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Payment Institutions & E-Money
A platform lets about 5,000 members top up online accounts by card, pay other members and cash out. Because the member base keeps growing and has no defined limits, it does not qualify as a limited network.
Laws & Regulations
The Visa Core Rules and Visa Product and Service Rules documents define the fundamental rules that apply to all institutions in the Visa network. They are updated regularly, and all members are expected to follow the latest version.
Merchant & POS
In the first post I explained what closed-loop payment systems are and how they differ from open-loop ones. Many of the replies I received boiled down to one question: how do these systems actually work behind the scenes once a QR code is scanned?
ISO 8583
We covered the ISO 8583 basics in an earlier article. This post explains the ISO 8583 message structure in detail: every ISO 8583 message consists of three main parts - the MTI (Message Type Indicator), the Bitmap, and the Data Elements.
Merchant & POS
In payment systems, every exchange between POS devices and bank or payment institution systems runs on a specific messaging standard, generally based on ISO 8583. However, each country, bank, or switch network defines its own version of this standard.
Merchant & POS
In EMV-based debit card transactions, PIN verification is decisive for both security and liability. What happens when a card that only supports online PIN is sent to the issuer without a PIN, and the issuer approves it? Who owns the risk?
Payment Institutions & E-Money
On 7 October 2023, the CBRT amended the Communiqué on Information Systems of Payment and E-Money Institutions and Data Sharing Services of Payment Service Providers, first published on 1 December 2021. Links to the new text, a comparison table and a detailed summary of changes follow.
ISO 8583
F47-ADDITIONAL DATA (NATIONAL) is the field reserved for domestic additional information. In Turkey, it carries the BKM Unique ID in authorization transactions and data specific to KKPT (card-to-card transfer) transactions.
Payment Systems
mPOS is short for Mobile POS, a digital POS solution that enables payment acceptance via smartphones/tablets without a standard POS terminal. It is formed by combining a card reader with a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet...
Fraud
A man-in-the-middle attack is a method in which an attacker inserts themselves between the server and client to intercept users' information, steal passwords, and gain access to accounts on a local network. This fraud mostly occurs over public internet connections.
ATM
Moving branch transactions to channels such as ATMs, internet banking and mobile banking lowers banking costs, so almost every transaction can now be done through them. Here is what ATMs offer.
Closed-Loop Payments
In the final post of the closed-loop payments series, the common question behind cards, QR payments, and prepaid balances comes into focus: who manages the customer relationship, and whose ecosystem does the customer stay in?