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Credit Card
KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
A payment institution is a legal entity authorized under the Law to provide and execute payment services. It must be a joint stock company meeting the conditions in Article 14 of Law No. 6493. This post sets out the services listed in Article 12 and the exclusions.
Chargeback
Chargeback reason codes vary by card scheme. The Amex chargeback reason codes and their descriptions are listed below: American Express Chargeback Reason Codes A01 The charge you submitted did not receive a valid authorization approval code for the amount...
Laws & Regulations
BKM (Interbank Card Center) membership is available in 3 statuses: bank, institution or HSK. This post explains the eligibility criteria for each status, the 12-month certification requirement and the BKM fee principles.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
On 7 October 2023, the CBRT amended the Communiqué on Information Systems of Payment and E-Money Institutions and Data Sharing Services of Payment Service Providers, first published on 1 December 2021. Links to the new text, a comparison table and a detailed summary of changes follow.
Payment Systems
Official Gazette No. 32332 dated 07.10.2023 published the amending Regulation and Communiqué covering digital wallets, e-money, share transfers, cloud outsourcing, remote identity verification and card system choice.
Cryptocurrency
Mining is the production of cryptocurrency through hardware and software, as well as the recording and confirmation of cryptocurrency transfers. Because block difficulty rises with each new unit, mining requires very powerful processors.
Chargeback
A chargeback is a dispute raised against a card transaction when the cardholder did not make it or does not recall it. The dispute types vary depending on the situation; let's look at them.
Merchant & POS
Cash on delivery means paying for an online order at the moment of delivery, usually in cash, though some e-commerce sites also accept card payment at the door. It boosts sales and builds trust, but carries risks like missing POS terminals and refused deliveries.
Laws & Regulations
A payment institution is a legal entity that provides payment services for electronic payments through the infrastructure it offers. This article covers the Turkish regulatory framework, licensing, safeguarding, supervision, penalties and taxation.
Merchant & POS
Digitalization has brought major change to payment systems, just as it has to every area of our lives. Its biggest impact has been turning the financial world into something virtual, spanning IoT, mobile payments, blockchain and biometrics.
ISO 8583
We covered the ISO 8583 basics in an earlier article. This post explains the ISO 8583 message structure in detail: every ISO 8583 message consists of three main parts - the MTI (Message Type Indicator), the Bitmap, and the Data Elements.