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Photo of the Central Bank letter asking banks not to load 200 TL banknotes into ATMs

ATM

Is It Forbidden to Load 200 TL Notes into ATMs?

In a letter to banks as part of the fight against inflation, the CBRT asked them to stock small-denomination banknotes in ATMs instead of 200 TL notes. Is this a ban or a recommendation, and what are the operational consequences for ATMs and banks?

Illustration representing Visa card types used in payment processing

Payment Systems

What is the Card Type Information Used in the Visa System?

Card type information is used in card schemes such as MasterCard, Visa, and TROY. The card types and card type codes used in the Visa system include Credit, Prepaid, Debit, Deferred Debit, and Charge Card.

Illustration of an ATM cash dispenser showing the retract and reject cash compartments

ATM

What Is Retract?

Retract is a term used in ATM systems. When cash already presented to the customer is not taken, it is diverted into a compartment called retract, as opposed to the reject compartment used for unusable banknotes.

Diagram illustrating the structure of an Issuer Identification Number (IIN) on a payment card

Credit Card

What is an Issuer Identification Number (IIN)?

Issuer Identification Number (IIN) is the first 6 digits of 16-digit cards and the first 8 digits of 19-digit cards. It is more commonly known as BIN (Bank Identification Number). Learn what the IIN table holds and how to look one up.

Diagram illustrating an Onus payment transaction between card and POS

Merchant & POS

What does Onus mean?

In the payment systems glossary, some terms are essential, including Onus. Onus literally means "on us" and refers to cases where the card-issuing bank and the POS/ATM bank are the same, meaning no clearing commission applies.

Photo illustrating the use of a prepaid card

Credit Card

Is a Prepaid Card a Credit Card or a Debit Card?

A prepaid card may look like a debit card since it has no predetermined limit and purchases are limited to the amount loaded by the cardholder, but in terms of use and operating logic it differs significantly from both credit and debit cards.

Diagram illustrating the structure of a Bank Identifier Code (BIC)

EMV

What is a Bank Identifier Code (BIC)?

BIC stands for Bank Identifier Code. It is the universal bank identification code used for automated processing in banking and related financial environments, identifying banks as specified by the ISO 9362 standard.

Diagram of ISO/IEC card standards defining credit card dimensions and layout

Credit Card

Standards that define credit card design and operation

When payment systems come to mind, credit cards are usually the first thing people think of. Credit cards are produced according to specific standards, both in visual design and during printing. These standards belong to the ISO/IEC 781X family.

Logos of various international payment card schemes

Credit Card

What Are National and International Payment Schemes?

In the world of payment systems, just as credit cards are an indispensable product, a payment scheme is indispensable for credit cards. When a credit card product is launched, the scheme it will be issued under is decided first.