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Credit Card
In the world of payment systems, just as credit cards are an indispensable product, a payment scheme is indispensable for credit cards. When a credit card product is launched, the scheme it will be issued under is decided first.
Merchant & POS
Mail order is carried out by conveying credit card details to the merchant by phone or mail. A manual sale occurs when, due to a physical problem during checkout, the card details are entered into the POS device by hand instead.
Chargeback
A chargeback is when cardholders dispute a transaction made without their knowledge through their card-issuing bank. So what does a Retrieval Request mean? It is essentially a document request related to transactions a cardholder does not recognize on their statement.
HSM & Security
TAK stands for Terminal Authentication Key. It is the data encryption key used to generate and verify a Message Authentication Code (MAC) for data communication between a terminal and the acquirer within a local network.
EMV
DFN is the abbreviation for Dedicated File Name. It defines the name of the DF (Dedicated File) as described in ISO/IEC 7816-4. It is the data found in Tag 84, 5 to 16 characters in length.
Cryptocurrency
Mining is the production of cryptocurrency through hardware and software, as well as the recording and confirmation of cryptocurrency transfers. Because block difficulty rises with each new unit, mining requires very powerful processors.
Agentic Commerce
Are We Ready to Give an AI Agent the Authority to Make Payments? Having long looked at complaint and dispute processes in payment systems, I think granting an agent payment authority is far different from research or product selection.
Payment Systems
In payment or cash withdrawal transactions, the TR QR Code is generated by the POS or ATM. The card issuing bank must build its systems to read and act on this code. Errors usually stem from mishandling the long and short QR code flows, which are explained here.
Fraud
Fraud controls fall into two main types: application fraud controls, which check card and merchant applications, and transaction fraud controls, which monitor card and POS transactions.
Chargeback
The chargeback dispute period varies by reason, but it can never exceed 540 days from the date a transaction posted to the card. Within that limit, cardholders generally have up to 120 days to dispute, depending on the type of issue.
Merchant & POS
Whether a card is required for a pre-authorization transaction depends on the type of POS used. On a physical POS, the card must be swiped or inserted to start the transaction. On a virtual POS, entering the card details manually is enough.
ATM
ATMs generally hold your bank/credit card inside the card reader slot until the transaction is completed. Fraudsters insert foreign objects such as paper or adhesive-coated cards into the reader to trap the customer's card inside.