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"Payment Instrument"

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Illustration representing payment instruments such as cards and mobile devices

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What is a payment instrument?

Law No. 6493 on Payment and Securities Settlement Systems, Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions defines a payment instrument as a personalized device such as a card, mobile phone, or password.

Conceptual illustration of competing players vying for power in agentic commerce

General

Agentic Commerce Series – Part 6

Who will win in Agentic Commerce? Owning the customer used to be a huge advantage. Once an agent starts deciding on the customer's behalf, where does the real power move to?

Diagram of an e-money institution and the services it can provide under Law No. 6493

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What Is an E-Money Institution? Which Services Can It Provide Under Law No. 6493?

The Law defines e-money as monetary value issued in exchange for funds accepted by the issuer, stored electronically, used for payment transactions and accepted as a payment instrument by persons other than the issuer. This post explains e-money institutions and the services they may provide.

Illustration representing an AI agent making a payment

Agentic Commerce

Agentic Commerce Series – Part 4

Are We Ready to Give an AI Agent the Authority to Make Payments? Having long looked at complaint and dispute processes in payment systems, I think granting an agent payment authority is far different from research or product selection.

Mobile phone used to accept payments through the Secure Mobile Payment System

Merchant & POS

What Is Secure Mobile Payment?

The Secure Mobile Payment System is a system permitted by the Ministry, operated under the Revenue Administration (GIB) Communiqué, for sales, payment and collection transactions and the electronic creation, transmission and retention of the related financial documents.

Overview of the payment services that e-money institutions in Turkey are authorized to provide

Payment Systems

Which E-Money Institution Can Offer Which Services?

All e-money institutions are authorized to issue e-money under Article 18, paragraph 2 of Law No. 6493. In addition, the payment services they are authorized to provide under Article 12 of Law No. 6493 are shown in the table below.

Illustration representing payment services data sharing

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What are Payment Services Data Sharing Services (OHVPS)?

Payment Services Data Sharing Services refers to the data sharing services used in the payment services set out in subparagraphs (f) or (g) of the first paragraph of Article 12 of Law No. 6493.

Payment services defined under Law No. 6493

Laws & Regulations

What Is a Payment Service?

A payment service means the services offered under Article 12(1) of Law No. 6493. Essentially, it is delivering funds received from a sender to a recipient.