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TROY card scheme logo

Credit Card

What Is TROY?

TROY, announced by the Interbank Card Center (BKM) in September 2015, is a card scheme like VISA, MasterCard, or AMEX. It takes its name from the initials of its Turkish slogan meaning 'Turkey's Payment Method'.

Diagram illustrating the PSD (Payment Services Directive) regulatory framework

Merchant & POS

What is PSD (Payment Services Directive)?

PSD stands for Payment Services Directive, known as the Payment Services Law. It took effect in EU countries in 2009, and in 2015 new revisions were announced as PSD1, aiming to build an efficient, fast, secure, and competitive payment market.

Diagram of an e-money institution and the services it can provide under Law No. 6493

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What Is an E-Money Institution? Which Services Can It Provide Under Law No. 6493?

The Law defines e-money as monetary value issued in exchange for funds accepted by the issuer, stored electronically, used for payment transactions and accepted as a payment instrument by persons other than the issuer. This post explains e-money institutions and the services they may provide.

UnionPay logo

Merchant & POS

What Is UnionPay?

UnionPay International (UPI) is a China UnionPay subsidiary founded in November 2012. Together with more than 1,000 institutions worldwide, UPI provides international card acceptance in 160 countries and card issuance in more than 40 countries and regions.

Istanbulkart transit and payment card

Credit Card

Istanbulkart: Both Transit Card and Payment Card

When I think back to the Akbil I used when I first arrived in Istanbul, I think it's fair to say that Istanbulkart has undergone a very significant transformation. Users can now track activity, top up and view balances right from their phones.

Illustration of digital transformation in payment systems

Merchant & POS

How Digital Are You in Payment Systems?

Digitalization has brought major change to payment systems, just as it has to every area of our lives. Its biggest impact has been turning the financial world into something virtual, spanning IoT, mobile payments, blockchain and biometrics.

Illustration of a co-branded credit card combining a bank and a commercial brand

Credit Card

What is a Co-Branded Card?

A co-branded card is a card offered by two or more organizations: one the issuing financial institution, the other a non-financial commercial brand (there may be more than one), such as an airline, hotel, or retail chain.